Quotes to Note 21: Melancthon & Zwingli on the Fruit of Faith

The following is excerpted from Getting the Reformation Wrong: Correcting Some Misunderstandings by James R. Payton Jr. (IVP, 2010), pg. 124-125.

Today many mistake the Reformation emphasis on “sola fide” (“faith alone”) with an easy-believism where faith is all that matters and works are downplayed to the extreme that some view them as completely optional in the life of the Christian. James Payton in his book, explains that to the Reformers, faith was never so “alone”. Rather, they expected faith to always be accompanied by good works.

I found the following quotes from Philip Melancthon and Ulrich Zwingli quite helpful on this point.

Philip Melancthon [from his 1521 Loci communes theologici in Melancthon and Bucer ed. Wilhelm Pauck, Library of Christian Classics (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1969), pg. 92, 109 and 112] —

Faith is nothing else than trust in the divine mercy promised in Christ…. This trust in the goodwill or mercy of God first calms our hearts and then inflames us to give thanks to God for his mercy so that we keep the law gladly and willingly.

Faith cannot but pour forth from all creatures in most eager service to God as a dutiful son serves a godly father.

For although faith alone justifies, love is also demanded…. A living faith is that efficacious, burning trust in the mercy of God which never fails to bring forth good fruits.

Ulrich Zwingli [from his 1531 An Exposition of the Faith, in Zwingli and Bullinger, ed. and trans. G.W. Bromiley, Library of Christian Classics (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1953), pg. 272] —

But we must add at once that the pious will not cease from good works simply because it is impossible to gain any merit by them. Rather, the greater our faith, the more and greater our works…. For since faith is inspired by the Holy Spirit, how can it be slothful or inactive when the Spirit himself is unceasing in his activity and operation? Where there is true faith, works necessarily result, just as fire necessarily brings with it heat.

You may also be interested in reading my review of Getting the Reformation Wrong by James R. Payton Jr.. See also a previous “quotes to note” post where I shared some good thoughts from Zwingli on the gospel. And

Free Books Alert

If you don’t subscribe to Cross Focused Reviews, you may be missing out. We just posted notice about some free book opportunities.

This month, ChristianAudio.com is giving away Don’t Waste Your Life by John Piper, the audiobook, for free. Also, Zondervan is hosting a blog tour (and inviting bloggers to sign up for a free commentary) next month timed to coincide with the launch of four new titles to the Zondervan Exegetical Commentary of the New Testament series.

Head on over to Cross Focused Reviews for the details.

Reformation Day Roundup

I thought on this day after Reformation Day, that I’d round up some good reading on some of the Reformers. I’m still planning to do the drawing for my Reformation Week Book Giveaway on Wednesday, and the drawing will take place at approximately noon (Central time) on Wednesday 11/3.

“Republocrat: Confessions of a Liberal Conservative” by Carl Trueman

Sacred cows die hard. And tipping them is not just anyone’s game. When it comes to conservative American evangelicalism, there may be no cherished belief that needs to die more than its explicit allegiance to one political party.

An evangelical attachment to the history of America and to patriotism has colored its views on how the church should interact with the political sphere. And in the past few decades, with the meteoric rise of “the religious right”, the result has been an American version of Christianity which mixes zeal for conservative politics and Christian virtues. Along the way, a popular misconception has arisen on the part of secular and non-evangelical alike: the evangelical gospel is confused with a moralistic concern for “family values”.

Carl Trueman, a witty and winsome Brit, tackles this problem in a new book recently released by P & R Publishing. In Republocrat: Confessions of a Liberal Conservative, Trueman speaks from an outsider’s perspective on the political landscape facing American Christians today. He understands that some of his views will be frowned on from both sides of the American aisle, but he pushes forth in an effort to challenge the tendency toward a one-sided approach and overly simplistic view of politics which he sees as so prevalent in the conservative circles in which he ministers today (as dean of Westminster Theological Seminary).

Written in a witty and personal fashion, with a Brit’s sense and control of the English language, the book draws one into the discussion even as it disarms the would-be critic. I found it a quick and engrossing read, even if the argument seemed to overreach on some points. He offers pertinent and sometimes disturbing examples from recent political history to drive home his points, and in the end is quite convincing.

He starts out with a criticism of today’s “left”. He shows how originally the liberal concern for the marginalized and the poor spurred British Christians to political involvement and an embrace of classic liberalism. Since then, liberalism has grown to treat any perceived marginalization and threat to be equivalent with the real economic and physical problems, for example, that were caused by industrialization in the late 1800s. So the mother of an unwanted child is facing undue pressure to keep her child, and she along with a gay person who wants full acceptance by society both deserve the protection of modern liberals. Meanwhile, the true problems of poverty and economic marginalization which continue to plague our world get left behind in the posturing and the fuss over the more visible, concerns of today’s liberals.

He then moves on into the conservative kitchen, and tackles American exceptionalism, and the patriotic flavor of American Christianity responsible for such absurdities as The Patriot’s Bible. Where he really scored points with me was in his treatment of the Fox News channel. He drives home his point that no news media outlet can be completely unbiased. He also shows how the founders of Fox were moved by the almighty dollar, like anyone else in the secular world. His cautions on this point deserve notice:

When it comes to listening to the news, Christians should be eclectic in their approach and not depend merely on those pundits who simply confirm their view of the world while self-evidently using terminology, logic, and standard rules of evidence and argumentation in sloppy, tendentious, and sometimes frankly dishonest ways…. (pg. 56)

That the free market, capitalist system was a Christian concept derived from studying Scripture was one of the high points of my own Christian education. And Trueman takes aim at that whole idea. The system runs on good old fashioned, greed (which is actually sinful, mind you). And not just greed — discontent and dissatisfaction are built into the structure of our American economic system. The solution to economic hard times is for us consumers to show more confidence and fork out more money. And exactly how is this is a Christian concept, again? Let me allow Trueman himself to speak to this point more directly:

…we have no basis for absolutizing the social organization and the attendant institutions, practices, and values of our passing present than anybody in ages past. Feudalism seemed like the wave of the future when it was at its zenith, yet it has passed away, at least in the West. European imperialism seemed set to dominate the world forever and a day at the end of the nineteenth century, but along came two world wars that put an end to that notion…. (pg. 67)

Viewing our system as the best there ever was, is also a bit evolutionary in nature, Trueman contends. Somehow man has figured everything out now and our system is the best hope for the world. We need to liberate the world from their a-capitalism, and bring salvation by means of the free market.

He rounds out the book by discussing how democratic politics in our modern age are positioned such that every difference between the parties has to be emphasized and enlarged so that they can gain power. Careful, nuanced political debate is not served by today’s sound bites and smiling photo ops, either. Trueman’s postscript argues that the abortion issue doesn’t have to be the be-all, end-all political issue for Christians in a fallen society like ours. He says, “It seems clear that the democratic legislative path to reducing or even outlawing abortions is proving remarkably unfruitful…. following from this… is there any point in allowing the matter to be the make-or-break issue on which individuals make their voting decisions at election time?” (pg. 106). He argues that incremental change can be pursued within either party, and before abortion will be outlawed a majority of Americans need to view it with distaste.

You won’t appreciate, or agree with, all Trueman’s concerns, but you will be challenged to think about what role the church should have in the political sphere. Should a church side with the conservative agenda so explicitly that non-conservatives are unwelcome, even if they also believe the Gospel of Jesus Christ? I think not. And if you pick up Trueman’s short book (only 110 pages), I suspect you’ll at least admit this much by the time you’ve read it. The Church of Jesus Christ should be wide enough to accept Christians of various political persuasions. The gospel, not politics or national pride, should unite us.

I want to close with an extended excerpt from Trueman’s conclusion. I don’t want to steal his thunder, but I feel this is the best way to give Trueman the hearing he may need for you to actually pick up his work and give it a listen.

Christians are to be good citizens, to take their civic responsibilities seriously, and to respect the civil magistrates appointed over us. We also need to acknowledge that the world is a lot more complicated than the pundits of Fox News (or MSNBC) tell us…. Christian politics, so often associated now with loudmouthed aggression, needs rather to be an example of thoughtful, informed engagement with the issues and appropriate involvement with the democratic process. And that requires a culture change. We need to read and watch more widely, be as critical of our own favored pundits and narratives as we are of those cherished by our opponents, and seek to be good stewards of the world and of the opportunities therein that God has given us.

It is my belief that the identification of Christianity, in its practical essence, with very conservative politics will, if left unchallenged and unchecked, drive away a generation of people who are concerned for the poor, for the environment, for foreign-policy issues…. We need to… [realize] the limits of politics and the legitimacy of Christians, disagreeing on a host of actual policies, and [earn] a reputation for thoughtful, informed, and measured political involvement. A good reputation with outsiders is, after all, a basic New Testament requirement of church leadership, and that general principle should surely shape the attitude of all Christians in whatever sphere they find themselves. Indeed, I look forward to the day when intelligence and civility, not tiresome cliches, character assassinations, and Manichean noise, are the hallmarks of Christians as they engage the political process. (pg. 108-110)

Disclaimer: This book was provided by Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing for review. I was under no obligation to offer a favorable review.

Pick up a copy of this book at Westminster Bookstore, Amazon.com or through P & R direct.

Book Swapping: Recycling Old Books, Saving Money

Most of my readers are probably like me. They love books. Bloggers tend to read more books than others, and Christian bloggers tend to have an insatiable craving for theology books new and old. My problem has always been how to afford books. Charles Spurgeon said something like “sell your shirt and buy books”, in his book to ministerial students. No one wants to buy my old shirts, however!

Well, as you can tell, I’ve taken to doing book reviews as a way to get books. But that can be a lot of work. I’ve posted 20 book reviews this year so far, and not everyone is as fanatical about books to do that! A while back I stumbled onto another way to get books inexpensively. It’s called book swapping.

The basic idea is I make my old books available to others. They select a book I’ve listed as available, and then I get notified. I mail the book to them and they let the book swapping website know when they get it. For every book sent and received, I get a credit for a free book.   The postage is paid by the sender of the book, so I only pay for the postage going out on books I send, not the ones I receive. It boils down to getting decent used books for 2-4 dollars each.

Having explained the basic idea, let me recommend a few options for you when it comes to book swapping.

PaperbackSwap.com is my first choice for book swapping. It has by far the widest selection of books with almost 5 million books listed. It also has the best design and is the easiest site to use. You can scroll through available books and easily search by genre or title or author. When you list your first ten books, you get 2 free credits to use for receiving books. Books cost 1 credit each and for every book you send to someone, you get a credit in exchange. Plus if you sign up others to the site, you get additional credits.

BookMooch.com works similarly but you get tenths of a credit for additional things like posting books and sending feedback within the time limit given. The navigation is not as user-friendly but the site works pretty much the same.

I have traded books with both PaperbackSwap and Bookmooch and have received a variety of different conditions on the book. I don’t think it matters which site you use as far as what condition books you’ll receive. I’ve had stellar books and some in poor condition. It can vary but they do recommend books listed to describe their condition. The other big difference between these sites is that PaperbackSwap offers a printable label that works well for sending a book that is not much bigger than a paperback. You can even wrap the book in the paper label and send just like that. Otherwise if the book is larger you can send it in a package and cut out the label and affix it to the packabe. BookMooch doesn’t offer that.

Goodreads.com, is another site whose primary purpose is to post your virtual library. I use it for posting book reviews and books on my “to read” list. It now has recently started bookswapping with a slightly different approach. The person wanting one of your books will pay the postage for it. You just ship them the book on their dime. Once you ship 10 books you get a free credit for any book available for swapping that you’d like. You can of course pay for the shipping on any book you’d like that is available prior to getting that free credit. One catch is GoodReads adds a hanling fee on all books shipped to help them keep up the site. Books will average between $3.50 and $4.50 per Goodreads, which is still a good deal. I haven’t used this feature yet with Goodreads, but it would also be a site to check for good books that may not be listed on the other sites.

I’ve used book swapping to get hard to find books and also to hunt for inexpensive commentaries or other such books. If you are on these sites, let me know as our books may be of mutual interest. I list several Christian books at these sites. My available books at PaperbackSwap are listed here, and at BookMooch are here. On both of these sites you can follow me so you’re aware of new books I post as available for swapping.

If you’d like to check out a bookswapping site, I’d recommend signing up with PaperbackSwap.com. You can use the link below (click on the button) so I’ll get a credit for pointing you their way.

PaperBackSwap.com - Book Club to Swap, Trade & Exchange Books for Free.